Potentiometer

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Potentiometer

A Potentiometer is a precision instrument used in physics and electrical experiments to measure electromotive force (emf), compare emfs of cells, or verify Ohm’s Law and Kirchhoff’s laws. It provides more accurate measurements than a voltmeter because it draws no current from the source during comparison.

🧪 Key Features:

Type: Typically 1-meter or 10-meter wire type (slide wire or helical type)
Material: High-resistance constantan or manganin wire mounted on a wooden or metal base
Scale: Marked in centimeters or millimeters along the length of the wire
Terminals: Brass binding posts for secure electrical connections
Accuracy: High precision, no power loss during emf measurement

📚 Applications:

Comparison of emf of two cells
Determining internal resistance of a cell
Verification of Ohm’s Law and Kirchhoff’s Second Law
Used in CBSE/ICSE/State board physics practicals, B.Sc., and engineering physics labs
Ideal for studying potential gradient and precision circuit balancing